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The History of Artificial Intelligence
Contents
Overview
Artificial intelligence has long been a popular theme of scince fiction movies where a super intelligent computer threatens to take over the world. The reality of AI is very different. Computers can demonstrate varying degrees of artificial intelligence but enough to truly be called intelligent.
The first exploration of the concept of AI began with the first computers. Computers were designed to solve problems. If a computer could reason like a human then it would open up immense possibilities.
Alan Turing and Colossus
Above: Alan Turing
The first computer, built in 1943, was "Colossus" and the team which built it was led by a British scientist, Alan Turing. Alan Turing was the first scientist to actually write a paper on artificial intelligence in 1950. In this paper he proposed a test for AI, which to this date no computer has been able to pass. This test is called The Turing Test.
Above: Colossus
People Involved with AI
Bratman, Michael
Chalmers, David
Dennett, Daniel
Dreyfus, Bert
Etchemendy, John
Israel, David
Nute, Donald
Peirce, Charles S*+
Perry, John
Pinker, Steven
Searle, John
Turing, Alan*+
The First AI
The first use of the term "artificial intelligence" was not until 1956 by an American scientist by the name of John McCarthy who is refered to as the "Father of AI". John Mccarthy also came up with a programming language called LISP which is still used to program computers in AI. LISP allows the computer to learn.
The Future of AI
Artificial intelligence is going to play a an increasingly larger part in people's lives as machines incorporating computer chips becomes increasingly more complex and more intelligent. Smart homes, cars that talk, cars that may drive themselves, fridges which automatically order goods over the internet as various items are used are all becoming a part of real life rather than science fiction. Whether it is taking delivery of goods, running a bath, feeding the cat, turning on the washing machine or roasting a chicken: if you are out, the smart house will take care of it. Remote commands such as to water the garden, or feed the family pet for several days, can be sent to most of the computerised appliances via mobile phone. Look at webcast from BBC
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